Contents
VTUEEE is an All India Common Scholarship Eligibility Test conducted by Vel Tech University for the award of Mahatma Gandhi National Merit Scholarship for four year B.Tech. Degrees Programmes of the University. Appearance in VTUEEE is a must for all students except foreign students.
Physics
1. Mechanics
Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity ,Uniformly accelerated motion, Scalar and vectors, relative velocity, Motion in a plane, projectile motion-uniform circular motion-force and inertia, Newton’s first law of motion-momentum, Newton’s second law of motion, impulse, Newton’s third law of motion-law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications, equilibrium of concurrent forces-static and kinetic friction, law of friction, rolling friction, basic concepts of rotational motion-moment of a force-torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its application-momentum of inertia-radius of gyration, values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications. Rigid body rotation, equations of rotational motion
2. Properties of matter
The universal law of gravitation, acceleration due to gravity, variation of ‘g’ with altitude, latitude and depth, gravitation potential – escape velocity and orbital velocity, geostationary satellites , Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. Solids, elastic behavior, stress- strain, Hooke’s law, Modulli of elasticity, relation between them, surface tension, capillarity, applications, viscosity, Poiseuille’s formula, stokes law, applications, streamline and turbulent flow, Reynolds number, Bernoulli’s theorem, application
3. Heat and thermodynamics
Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases, assumptions, concept of pressure, Kinetic energy and temperature, rms speed of gas molecules, degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy, applications to specific heat capacities of gases, mean free path, Avogadro’s number.
Thermal Equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, concept of temperature, heat, work and internal energy, first law of thermodynamics, Second law of thermodynamics, reversible and irreversible processes, Carnot engine and its efficiency.
4. Optics
Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, Refraction of light, total internal reflection and its applications, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, Magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, combination of a lens and a mirror, Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism, Scattering of light, blue colour of sky and reddish appearances of the sun at sunrise and sunset
Wave front and Huygens’s principle, laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens’s principle, interference, young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width, diffraction due to a slit, width of central maximum, resolving power of microscope and astronomical telescope, polarized light, Brewster’s law, uses of plane polarized light and Polaroid’s.
5. Electricity
Electric Current, flow of charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity and mobility and their relation with electric current, Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics, electrical resistivity and conductivity, classification of materials in terms of conductivity, Carbon resistors, colour code for carbon resistors, combination of resistors, series and parallel, temperature dependence of resistance, internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combinations of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchoff’s law, illustration by simple circuits, Wheatstone’s Bridge and its application for temperature coefficient of resistance measurement, meter bridge, special case of Wheatstone bridge, potentiometer principle , comparing the emf of two cells.
Electromagnetic induction, Faraday’s law, induced emf and current, Lenz’s law, Self induction, Mutual induction, self inductance of a long solenoid, mutual inductance of two long solenoids, Methods of inducing emf – (i) by changing magnetic induction (ii) by changing area enclosed by the coil and (iii) by changing the orientation of the coil (quantitative treatment),
AC generator, commercial generator, (Single phase, three phase), Eddy current, applications, transformer, long distance transmission, alternating current, measurement of AC, AC circuit with resistance, AC circuit with inductor, AC circuit with capacitor, LCR series resonance circuit, Q factor, power in AC circuits.
6. Magnetism
Biot – Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop, Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long current carrying straight wire and solenoid, Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields, cyclotron
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current-carrying conductors, definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field, moving coil galvanometer, its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
Current loop as magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines, earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements, para, dia and ferro magnetic substances
Magnetic susceptibility and permeability, hysteresis, electromagnets and permanent magnets.
7. Atomic physics
Atomic structure, discovery of the electron , specific charge (Thomson’s method) and charge of the electron (Millikan’s oil drop method) , alpha scattering , Rutherford’s atom model, Bohr’s model, energy quantization , energy and wave number expressions, Hydrogen spectrum, energy level diagrams, sodium and mercury spectra, excitation and ionization potentials.
Dual nature of radiation, photo electric effect, hertz and Lenard’s observations, Einstein’s photo electric equation, particle nature of light, matter wave, wave nature of particle de Broglie relation, Davisson-Germer experiment.
8. Nuclear physics
Nuclear properties, nuclear radii, masses, binding energy, density, charge, isotopes, isobars and isotones, nuclear mass defect, binding energy, stability of nuclei, Bainbridge mass spectrometer, Nature of nuclear forces, Neutron and its discovery
Radioactivity, alpha, beta and gamma rays and their properties, radioactivity decay law, mass energy relation, mass defects, binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
9. Electronic devices
Semiconductors, semiconductor – diode, I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, diode as rectifier, I-V characteristics of LED, photo diode, solar cell and Zener diode, zener diode as voltage regulator, junction transistor, transistors action , characteristics of transistor, transistor as an amplifier (common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR) transistor as switch.
10. Laser and optic fiber
Interaction of radiation with matter, Essentials of Laser, Types of Laser – Ruby Laser, He-Ne Laser, semiconductor Laser, Application of Lasers, Optical Fibers – Propagation of light through an optical fiber, Modes of Propagation, Types of optical fibers, Optical fiber communication system, Attenuation in fibers.
Chemistry
1. Some basic concepts in chemistry
Matter and its nature, Dalton’s Atomic theory, Concept of Atom, Molecule, element, and compound, Laws of chemical combination, Atomic and Molecular masses, Mole Concept, Molar mass, chemical equations, Stoichiometry.
2. S Block, P Block, d block, f block elements
Group 1 and 2 elements, Electronic configuration, General methods in physical and Chemical properties of elements, anomalous properties of the first element of each Group, diagonal relationship P Block elements, Electronic configuration, General trends in physical and chemical Properties of elements across the periods and down the groups, unique behavior of the first element in each group. Structure, properties and uses of allotropes and oxides of Carbon, Silicon tetrachloride, Silicates, Zeolites and Silicones, Allotropic forms of Phosphorous, Structures of oxides and Oxoacids of nitrogen and phosphorous, Structures of oxo acids of Sulphur, Trends in the acidic nature of hydrogen halides, Structures of inter halogen compounds and oxides and oxo acids of halogen D and f block elements, electronic configuration, general trends in properties of the first row transition elements, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, atomic radii,colour, Catalytic behavior, magnetic properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, Lanthanides: electronic configuration, oxidation states Actinides: Electronic configuration, oxidation states.
3. Co-ordination Chemistry and Solid state Chemistry
IUPAC nomenclature of mono nuclear co ordination compounds, Isomerism, Geometrical isomerism in 4 Co ordinate, 6 co ordinate complexes, Theories of Co ordination compounds-Werner’s theory, Valence bond theory Lattice- unit cell, systems, types of crystals, packing in solids, ionic crystals, Imperfections in solids, point defects, X-ray diffraction, Electrical property, Amorphous, Crystalline
4. Thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium and chemical kinetics:
I and II law of thermodynamics, Spontaneous and non spontaneous processes Entropy, Gibb’s free energy, Free energy change and chemical equilibrium, Law of mass Action, Lechattlier’s principle, applications of chemical equilibrium, Rate expression Order and Molecularity of reactions, Zero order , first order and Pseudo first order Reaction, half life period, Arrehenius equation activation energy
5. Redox reactions and Electrochemistry
Electronic concepts of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, rules for assigning oxidation number, balancing redox reactions. Electrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic solutions, molar Conductivities and their variation with concentration, Kohlrausch’s law and its Applications. Electrochemical cells, Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types of electrodes, Electrode potentials including standard electrode potential, half cell and cell reactions Emf of a Galvanic cell and its measurement, Nernst equation and its applications. Relationship between cell potential and Gibbs energy change , Dry cell and lead Accumulator, Fuel cells
6. Purification and characterization of organic compounds
Purification- crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction and Chromatography – principles and their applications. Quantitative analysis, detection of nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorous, and halogens, Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulfur, phosphorous. Calculations of empirical formulae, and molecular formulae, numerical problems in Organic quantitative analysis.
7. Some basic principles of organic chemistry
Tetra valency of carbon, shapes of simple molecules, hybridization (s & p) , classification Of organic compounds based on functional groups, and those containing halogen Oxygen, nitrogen, and Sulfur, Homologous series, isomerism,-Structural and sterio Isomerism. Electronic displacement in a covalent bond,- inductive effect, electromeric effect, Resonance and hyper conjugation, common types of organic reactions- substitution, Addition, elimination and rearrangement.
8. Hydrocarbons
Classification, isomerism, IUPAC nomenclature, general methods of Preparation, properties, and reactions, Alkanes, conformations: sawhorse and Newman projections ( of ethane) Mechanism of electrophillic addition,, addition of hydrogen, halogens,water, hydrogen Halides, (Markownikoff’s and peroxide effect) ozonalysis and polymerization Alkynes- acidic character, addition of hydrogen, halogens, water and hydrogen halides Polymerization Aromatic hydrocarbons- Nomenclauture, benzene, structure, and automaticity, Mechanism of electophilic substitution, halogenations, nitration, Friedel Craft’s Alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in monosubstituted Benzene.
9. Organic compounds containing halogen
General methods of preparation, properties, and reactions, Nature of c-x bond, Mecahanism of substitution reactions
10. Organic compounds containing Oxygen
Alcohols, Phenols and ethers, identification of primary, secondary, and tertiary Alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, acidic nature of phenols, electrophilic Substitution reactions, halogenations nitration and sulphonation, Reimer Tieman Reaction, ethers- Structure Aldehydes and Ketones: Nature of carbonyl group, nucleophilic addition, > C = O group, relative reactivities of aldehydes, and ketones Important reactions such as –Nucleophilic addition Reactions (addition of HCN, Nh2, and its derivatives) Grignard reagent, oxidation Reduction, acidity , Cannizzaro reaction, Haloform reaction, Chemical tests to Distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones Organic compounds containing Nitrogen: General methods of preparation, properties, reactions and uses. Amines, nomenclature,classification, structure, basic character and identification Of primary, secondary and tertiary amines and their basic character Diazonium salts-importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
11. Bio molecules
Carbohydrates-classification, aldoses and ketones, monosaccharides (glucose And fructose) and constituent monosaccharides of oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose And maltose) Proteins-elementary idea of α –amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptide, proteins Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quarternary structure, denatuation of a proteins, Enxzymes Vitamins-classification and functions
12. Polymers
Classification, general methods of polymerization- addition and condensation Co polymerization , Natural and synthetic rubber, vulcanization, some important Polymers with emphasis on their monomers and uses-polythene, nylon, polyester and backlite.
Mathematics
1. Partial fractions:
Partial fractions of when contains (i) non-repeated linear factors (ii) repeated and non-repeated linear factors; (iii) non-repeated irreducible quadratic factors; (iv) repeated and non-repeated irreducible quadratic factors.
2. Complex numbers:
Complex number as an ordered pairs of reals; representation of complex numbers in the form and their representation in a plane; Argand diagram, algebra of complex numbers, modulus and argument (or amplitude) of a complex number; square root of a complex number; triangle inequality.
3. Quadratic equations:
Quadratic equations with real coefficients and their solutions (roots); relation between the roots and the coefficients; nature of roots; formation of quadratic equations with given roots; simple problems.
4. Matrices and determinants:
Matrices; algebra of matrices; types of matrices; symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices; orthogonal matrices; determinant of a square matrix; properties of determinants; evaluation of determinants; Test of consistency and solution of simultaneous linear equations in two and three unknowns.
5. Trigonometry:
Trigonometric identities; trigonometric functions and inverse trigonometric functions and their properties.
6. Permutations and Combinations:
Fundamental principles of counting; permutation as an arrangement and combination as selection; meaning of and simple problems.
7. Binomial theorem for a positive integral index:
Binomial theorem for a positive integral index; general term and middle term; binomial coefficients and their properties; simple problems.
8. Two dimensional coordinate geometry:
Cartesian system of rectangular co-ordinates in a plane; distance formula; section formula; locus and its equation; slope of a straight line; parallel and perpendicular lines; intercepts of a line on coordinate axes.
Various forms of equation of a line; point of intersection of two lines, angle between lines; distance of a point from a line; orthocenter, centroid and circumcentre of a triangle; equation of line passing through the point of intersection of two lines.
Equation of a circle; radius and centre; points of intersection of a straight line and a circle; equation of a tangent; condition for a line to be a tangent to a circle.
9. Three dimensional geometry:
Coordinates of a point in space; distance between two points; section formula; direction ratios and direction cosines; angle between two intersecting lines; equations of a line and a plane in different forms.
10. Vector algebra:
Vectors and scalars; addition of vectors, components of a vector, scalar and vector products; angle between two vectors; parallel vectors; perpendicular vectors; scalar and vector triple products; coplanar vectors; unit normal vector.
11. Limit, continuity and differentiability:
Real-valued functions; graphs of simple functions; limit of a function; continuity of a function at a point and in an interval; differentiation of the sum, difference, product and quotient of two functions, differentiation of trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, composite and implicit functions; derivatives of order upto two; applications of derivatives; monotonic functions; maxima and minima of functions of one variable.
12. Integration:
Integral as anti-derivative; evaluation of integrals involving algebraic, trigonometric, exponential and logarithmic functions; integration by substitution; integration by parts; integration by partial fractions; Bernoulli rule; definite integrals and their properties; simple problems.
13. Ordinary differential equations:
Order and degree; formation of differential equations; solution of differential equations by the method of separation of variables, solution of homogeneous differential equation; solution of linear differential equation of the type
14. Set theory & Probability:
Sets and their representations; union, intersection and complements of sets; simple laws. Random experiment; sample space; event as a subset; Probability of an event ; addition and multiplication theorems of probability; Bernoulli trials; Binomial distribution.