Question 1.
Do you think Umberto Eco likes being interviewed? Give reasons for your opinion.
\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 ? \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u092f\u0947\u0964
Answer:
Yes, I think Umberto Eco likes being interviewed. I think it is because of the following reasons :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0939\u093e\u0901, \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 2.
How does Eco find the time to write so much ?
\u0908\u0915\u094b \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
Umberto Eco finds the time to write so much because of the following reasons :
(i) During his interview by Mukund, Eco tells him, “I am a professor who writes novels on \u2026 Sundays.”
(ii) When Mukund repeats the question once asked by David Lodge, “I can’t understand how one man can do all the things he (Eco) does” ? Eco replies, “I always do the same thing.”
(iii) Eco reveals that he has some philosophical interests and he pursues them through his academic work and novels.
(iv) Eco says that just as the universe has empty spaces in the same way we also have a lot of
empty spaces in our lives. He tells that he works in empty spaces (interstices). He further says, “Suppose, I am waiting for you (Mukund). While waiting for your elevator to come up from first to the third floor, I have already written an article”. The time taken by the elevator, is an empty space for Eco.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0905\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 :
(i) \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, “\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u091c\u094b \u0930\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901” \u0964
(ii) \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 David Lodge \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u091c\u092c \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, “\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0915\u093f \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0939 (\u0908\u0915\u094b) \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948” ? \u0924\u094b \u0908\u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f “\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0948\u0935 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901” \u0964
(iii) \u0908\u0915\u094b \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0935 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u0964
(iv) \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 (\u0938\u092e\u092f) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, “\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0932\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0924\u0941\u092e\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e (\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u093e) \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0924\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u0964 \u0924\u0941\u092e\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0924\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0924\u0932 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0915 (\u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f\/\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902) \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u0916 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0964” \u0932\u093f\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0935\u0939 \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 3.
What was distinctive about Eco’s academic writing style ?!
\u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0925\u0940 ?
Answer:
Following are the distinctive features of Eco’s academic writing style :
(i) His writing has a certain playful and personal quality about it.
(ii) His writing is a marked departure from a regular academic style which is invariable, depersonalised and often dry and boring.
(iii) His writing style is a story telling style just as he did at the time of presenting his first doctoral dissertation. He tells about his trials as well as errors: It was appreciated by one . of the professors present there.
(iv) His essays always have narrative aspects. And this is why probably he started writing narrative (novels) so late \u2013 at the age of 50, more or less.
(v) He pursues his philosphical intersts through his academic work and his novels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902 :
(i) \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0926\u0936\u0940\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0964
(ii) \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0935 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927\u0924\u093e\u0930\u0939\u093f\u0924, \u0917\u0948\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924, \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092c\u093e\u090a (boring) \u0939\u0948\u0964
(iii) \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 professors \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u0964
(iv) \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0948\u0935 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0935\u0924\u0903 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0930 \u0938\u0947, 50 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u092a\u093e\u0938, \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0964
(v) \u0935\u0939 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 4.
Did Umberto Eco consider himself a novelist first or an academic scholar ?
\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 ?
Answer:
Umberto Eco considers himself an academic scholar first and then a novelist. In support of our opinion the following reasons can be given :
(i) During his interview with Mukund he himself tells him, “I am a professor who writes on .: Sundays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(ii) Umberto Eco was a professor at the university of Bologna in Italy. He had already acquired a formidable reputation as a scholar for his idea on semiotics, literary interpretation, and medieval aesthetics before he turned to writing fiction (novel).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(iii) At the age of twenty two, he presented his first doctoral dissertation in Italy while he started writing novels at the age of 50 more or less.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(iv) At another place, he mentions that he started writing novels by accident. One day he had nothing to do so he started writing novels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(v) During his interview, he tells Mukund, “I participate in academic conferences and not meetings of pen club and writers. I identify myself with the academic community.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0905\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0964 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0930\u093f\u091a\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(i) \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0939 (\u0908\u0915\u094b) \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f “\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u091c\u094b \u0930\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u0964”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(ii) \u0905\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094b\u0932\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0925\u0947 \u0964 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924\u094b\u0902 (signs and symbols) \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 (\u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930) \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930, \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e, \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092f\u0941\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0942\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c \u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(iii) 22 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 50 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092d \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(iv) \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u0939 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0935\u0936 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(v) \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0939 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f “\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094d (\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940) \u0938\u092d\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0947\u0928 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u092c \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0948\u0920\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094d \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0964”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 5.
What is the reason for the huge success of the novel, “The Name of the Rose’ ?
‘\u0926 \u0928\u0947\u092e \u0911\u0935 \u0926 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u093c’ \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 ?
Answer:
“The Name of The Rose’ is a different kind of novel. It is a very serious novel. It is a detective yarn at one level but it also delves into metaphysics, theology, and medieval history. Eco says that journalists and publishers believe that people like trash and don’t like difficult reading experiences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
But this was not the kind of novel. He says, “My American publisher didn’t expect to sell more than 3000 copies in a country where nobody has seen a cathedral or studies Latin. So I was given an advance for 3000 copies, but in the end it sold two or three million in the U.S.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eco says, “I think if I had written ‘The Name of the Rose’ ten years earlier or ten years later, it wouldn’t have been the same. Why it worked at that time is a mystery”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
‘\u0926 \u0928\u0947\u092e \u0911\u0935 \u0926 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u093c’ \u090f\u0915 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e, \u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u092e\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0941\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 (\u092a\u093e\u0920\u0915\u094b\u0902) \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0942\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092a\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, “\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 3000 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0936\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940, \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0928 \u0924\u094b \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0932\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0905\u0924\u0903 \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 3000 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0930\u093e\u0936\u093f \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 20 – 30 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u0940\u0902\u0964” \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u201c\u092f\u0926\u093f \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b 10 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092f\u093e 10 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0924\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u092f\u0926 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0964 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940, \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0964”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Think as you read (Page 69)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 1.
What are some of the positive views on interviews ?
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
Some of the positive views on interviews are –
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902 –<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(i) In its highest form, an interview is a sourec of truth, and in its practice, it is an art.
\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(ii) It is a supremely serviceable medium of communication.
\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930-\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 2.
Why do most celebrity writers despise being interviewed ?
\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u092b\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
Most celebrity writers despise being interviewed because they feel :
(i) Interview is an unwarranted intrusion into the privacy of their lives.
(ii) It somehow diminishes them.
(iii) It is immoral.
(iv) It is a crime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u092b\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f-.
(i) \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u0941\u0938\u092a\u0948\u0920 \u0939\u0948 \u0964
(ii) \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964
(iii) \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0964
(iv) \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927 \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 3.
What is the belief in some primitive cultures about being photographed ?
\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u094b\u091f\u094b \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948 ?
Answer:
In some primitive cultures it is believed that if one takes a photographic portrait of somebody, one is stealing that person’s soul. Riding on this belief, photography is strictly banned among them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0906\u0926\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092b\u094b\u091f\u094b \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0930\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u0947, \u0909\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092e\u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 4.
What do you understand by the expression “thumbprints on his windpipe” ?
“\u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u0942\u0920\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0928” \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
The phrase or expression expresses Saul Bellow’s uneasiness and tension caused by an interviewer at the time of interviews. He feels suffocation while giving an ir\u2026 view. It seems to him as if the interviewer had put his thumbs on his windpipe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Saul Bellow \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0925\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0924\u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0935 \u0905\u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0918\u0941\u091f\u0928 \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e ‘ \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0917\u0932\u093e \u0926\u092c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 5.
Who, in today’s world, is our chief source of information about personalities?
\u0906\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?
Answer:
In today’s world, the chief source of information about personalities is – interview.
3775 on \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u0948 – \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Talking about the text Discuss in pairs or small groups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947-\u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 1.
Talk about any interview that you have watched on television or read in a newspaper. How did it add to your understanding of the celebrity, the interviewer and the field of the celebrity?
\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0939\u094b \u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0909\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f, \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908 ?
Answer:
I read an interview in September 2010 in the magazine ‘Aspire’. The celebrity was Resul Pookutty, Indian sound designer. It was a telephonic interview and the interviewer was Deepshikha Punj, Bollywood reporter to Aspire. He is the only Indian sound designer to be honoured with an Oscar, the prestigious Padma Shri for his work in Slumdog Millionaire, and many more awards. Here I present two questions and answers which add to my understanding of the subject :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0924\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930 2010 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0948\u0917\u091c\u0940\u0928 ‘Aspire’ \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f – Resul Pookutty, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0930 \u0925\u0947 \u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u092b\u094b\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0925\u0940\u0902 – \u0926\u0940\u092a\u0936\u093f\u0916\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0902\u091c, Aspire \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u092c\u0949\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0941\u0921 \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u090f\u0915\u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 Slumdog Millionaire\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0911\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0930, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0926\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0935 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 What is it that a sound designer does ? \u090f\u0915 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?
Answer:
A sound designer’s job is to enhance the performance of the actors where visuals and audios work together.
\u090f\u0915 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0932\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0935 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091a\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 What does it take to be a successful sound designer ?
\u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u092f\u0947 ?
Answer:
Only an ability to listen. One should be a good listener to be able to make quick decision on what sound needs be included or excluded. \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0964 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0935\u0939 \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0939\u091f\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 2.
The medium you like best for an interview, print, radio, or television.
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 – \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0923, \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u092f\u093e \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928 \u0964
Answer:
Anu – All the three mediums- print, radio and television are used for interviews because all the three mediums are effective.
Priya – Yes, of course, but each medium has its limitations also. So I think in present scenario, television is the best medium for an interview.
Anu – You are right. Since television is both audio and visual, so in comparison to radio and print media, TV is the most suitable medium.
Priya – Many times celebrities are found complaining that the reporters of print media try to intrude their privacy by asking them very personal questions.
Anu – Now-a-days very few people listen to radio. And on screen it is interesting to see the interviewee and the interviewer.
Priya – Using various colours and sounds, pictures are made interesting on TV. To a large extent we can learn language, body language and style of well educated people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0905\u0928\u0941 – \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0923, \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0935 \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928 \u0924\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0924\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964
\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e – \u0939\u093e\u0901, \u0935\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094b\u091a\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0939\u0948 \u0964
\u0905\u0928\u0941 – \u0924\u0941\u092e \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u094b \u0964 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0935 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0935 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u0940. \u0935\u0940. \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964
\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e – \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 reporters \u0909\u0928\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0924\u093e (\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0916\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964
\u0905\u0928\u0941 – \u0906\u091c\u0915\u0932 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0935 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0928\u094b\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0915 \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964
\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e – \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0930\u0902\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0935 \u0927\u094d\u0935\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0928\u094b\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0915 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940.\u0939\u0926 \u0924\u0915 \u091f\u0940. \u0935\u0940. \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u092e \u0938\u0941\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e, \u0936\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e (body language),
\u0924\u094c\u0930-\u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0906\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0940\u0916 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 3.
Every famous person has a right to his or her privacy. Interviewers sometimes embarrass celebrities with very personal questions. \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0917\u094b\u092a\u0928\u0940\u092f\u0924\u093e (\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0924\u093e) \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964
Why do most celebrities hate to be interviewed ?
\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0918\u0943\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
It is true that interviewers sometimes embarrass celebrities with very personal questions. Hence, many times they avoid interviews. In this regard V. S. Naipaul feels that during an interview, people lose a part of themselves. Lewis Carroll had a just horror of the interviewer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The same way Rudyard Kipling calls the interview immoral, a crime, an assault, cowardly and vile. First, the reporters ask them questions related to their achievements and then they start asking them very personal questions. The celebrities may not like to share everything with the public. Hence, the interviewers should have some professional ethics and should not ask very personal questions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0915\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0947 (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f) \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 V.S. Naipaul \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928, \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0916\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 Lewis Carroll \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u092f \u0932\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rudyard Kipling \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915, \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927, \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923, \u0915\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0924\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0947\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 (\u0928\u093f\u091c\u0940) \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0964 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0942\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0928\u0947 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u092f\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Noticing discourse linkers and signallers
Note – Do it yourself.
Writing – Do it yourself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
RBSE Class 12 English The Interview Important Questions and Answers
Short Answer Type Questions<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Answer the following questions in about 20-25 words :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 1.
Why do people have different opinions regarding interviews ?
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928-\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
As the interview affects a large number of people, people have different opinions regarding it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u091a\u0942\u0901\u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928-\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 2.
How do some people establish the efficacy of the interview ?
\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0936\u0940\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
Some people claim that the interview is a source of truth. They believe that taking or giving interview is an art.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0926\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0935 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 3.
What, according to some people are the demerits of an interview ?
\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0907\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
Celebrities perceive themselves as the victims of the interview. For them, the interview is a crime and an assault for them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 4.
What was Kipling’s stand regarding interviews ? \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092a\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u0940 ?
Or
Why did Rudyard Kipling dislike being interviewed ?
\u0930\u0941\u0921\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093f\u092a\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u092a\u0938\u0902\u0926 \u0925\u093e?
Answer:
For Kipling, an interview was immoral and it was a crime, an assault and an offence that deserves punishment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0915\u093f\u092a\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927, \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0926\u094b\u0937 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u091c\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 5.
How do we know about our contemporaries?
\u0939\u092e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
The most vivid impressions that we gather about our contemporaries are through interviews.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0939\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 6.
In spite of the ‘drawbacks’ of the interview, what are some of the positive points of it?
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
Through interviews, we come to know about others. Hence, it is a supremely serviceable medium of communication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u092e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0932\u0903, \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 7.
What is Danis Brian’s view regarding the position of an interviewer ?
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 Danis Brian \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948 ?
Answer:
According to Danis Brian, an interviewer holds a position of unprecedented power and influence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Danis Brian \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u0942\u0924\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 8.
What do you know about the interstices theory?
\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
There are waiting times (interstices) between works. Interstices is that time which, if used properly, can lead us to great achievements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0915\u093e\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0941\u091c\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f (\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0932) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0932 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0905\u0917\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0926\u0941\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 9.
What work had already acquired a formidable reputation for Umberto Eco as a scholar before he began to write fiction (novels) ?
\u0915\u093e\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916 (\u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938) \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 Umberto Eco \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0947 ?
Answer:
Umberto Eco had acquired a formidable reputation as a scholar for his ideas on semiotics (the study of signs), literary interpretation, and medieval aesthetics before he turned to writing fiction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco \u0915\u093e\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916 (\u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938) \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0941\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093e (\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u093f) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 10.
What is the speciality of Eco about his books for children?
\u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?
Answer:
Eco’s books for children are very interesting. These are free from violence and give message of peace. These are bunch of ethical and philosophical interests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0926 \u0930\u094b\u091a\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 11.
What do you understand by “The Name of The Rose’ ? What achievement did it bring to
Umberto Eco ? “The Name of the Rose’ \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ? \u092f\u0939 Umberto Eco \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0906\u092f\u093e?
Answer:
“The Name of the Rose’ is a bestseller novel written by Umberto Eco. It (novel) acquired the equivalent of intellectual superstardom to Umberto Eco.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
‘The Name of the Rose’ Umberto Eco \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 (\u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938) Umberto Eco \u0915\u094b \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u0930\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0935\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 12.
What did David Lodge once remark about Umberto Eco ?
\u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0921\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0921 \u0932\u0949\u091c \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940 ?
Answer:
Appreciating Eco, David Lodge, an English novelist and academic once remarked, “I can’t understand how one man can do all the things he (Eco) does”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d, \u0921\u0947\u0935\u093f\u0921 \u0932\u0949\u091c \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u092a\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940, \u201c\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0939 (\u0908\u0915\u094b) \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 13.
How does Umberto Eco perceive his large and wide-ranging writing ?
Umberto Eco \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
For readers, Umberto Eco’s writing is large and wide-ranging. But for him, it is always the same thing. He has some philosophical interests. He pursues them through his academic works, novels and his books for children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092a\u093e\u0920\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f Umberto Eco \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092c \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 14.
Why is Umberto Eco not satisfied to be only a novelist ?
\u0905\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f\u094b \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
Umberto Eco is not satisfied to be only a novelist because he is a university professor. He himself says, “I am a professor who writes novels on Sundays”. He participates in academic conferences. He identifies himself with the academic community.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, “\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u091c\u094b \u0930\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901” \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092d\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094d \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u093e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 15.
What is the theme of the novel “The Name of the Rose’ ?
\u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 “The Name of the Rose’ \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f-\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?
Answer:
“The Name of the Rose’ is a detective story but it also delves into metaphysics, theology and medieval history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“The Name of the Rose’ \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e, \u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u092e\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0935 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0941\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 16.
Why was Umberto given an advance for only 3,000 copies of his novel by his American publisher?
Umberto \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 3,000 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0927\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0936\u093f \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u0940 ?
Answer:
Umberto’s American publisher gave him an advance for only 3,000 copies of his novel because she didn’t expect to sell more than 3,000 copies of his novel in the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 3,000 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u0927\u0928\u0930\u093e\u0936\u093f \u0926\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 3,000 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0936\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Long Answer Type Questions<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Answer the following questions in about 80 words :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 1.
What secret did Umberto Eco reveal to Mukund ?
Umberto Eco \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e ?
Or
What is Eco’s theory of interstices ?
\u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ?
Answer:
Umberto Eco reveals the secret of his working style to Mukund. He talks of empty spaces in the universe. He says just as there are empty spaces in the universe, the same way, we have empty spaces in our lives. He calls them interstices or intervals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
One must use this free time in order to achieve great things and for some creative work. Umberto Eco utilises these interstices or intervals for his creative work. This is the secret that he is able to do so much work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928’ \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 (\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928) \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0907\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b interstices \u092f\u093e intervals \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 Umberto Eco \u0907\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 (interstices \u092f\u093e intervals) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 2.
Why did Umberto Eco start writing novels and when ? What does Eco say about the huge success of his novel ‘The Name of the Rose’ in spite of it being a difficult and very serious novel ?
Umberto Eco \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092c \u0906\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092d \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e ? \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 ‘The Name of the Rose’ \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928 \u0935 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0908\u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
Umberto Eco calls himself a university professor first and then a novelist. He reveals his secret to Mukund, an interviewer from the newspaper ‘The Hindu’. He tells him that he utilises interstices or intervals for his creative work or writing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
He is an excellent academic and has written over 40 scholarly works. Novels probably satisfied his taste for narration. ARegarding that huge success of his novel “The Name of the Rose’, he says”, I think the success of the book is a mystery. Nobody can predict it,”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930, \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 ‘\u0926 \u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0941’ \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e, \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0908\u0915\u094b \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f (interstices or intervals) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0935\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 40 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0932\u093f\u0916 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u092f\u0926 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0964 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 “The Name of the Rose’ \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, “\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094b\u091a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0939 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0964”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 3.
According to Christopher Silvester, why do some important people dislike to be interviewed while others think that an interview is essential in public life ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Christopher Silvester \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u0943\u0923\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f
\u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u094b\u091a\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 ?
Answer:
According to Christopher Silvester, some people dislike to be interviewed while others think that an interview is essential in public life. V.S. Naipaul feels that during an interview, people lose a part of themselves. Rudyard Kipling calls interview immoral, a crime and an assault etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
While others feel that despite the drawbacks, it is a supremely serviceable medium of communication. Interviews now have become a commonplace in journalism. Some call it a great art, while some celebrities say that many times reporters disturb their personal lives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Christopher Silvester \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930, \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u0943\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094b\u091a\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 V. S. Naipaul \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0916\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0930\u0941\u0921\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093f\u092a\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915, \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0907\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093f \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u092e\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u092f\u0939 (\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930) \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0905\u092c \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u092a \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 4.
Explain Denis Brian’s statement “Almost everything of moment reaches us through one man asking questions of another.” Denis Brian \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u0928 “\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948” \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f \u0964
Or
“An interview is a supremely serviceable medium of communication,” Explain.
\u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u092f\u0947 “\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0939\u0948 \u0964”
What are some of the positive views on interviews ?
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0924\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?
Answer:
The interview came into being a little over 130 years ago. Now it has become a common place of journalism. An interview is a formal meeting. It is a method of knowing a person’s views or his opinion on various subjects and issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
We come to know about the important people through an interview. It is the highest form of truth. It is an art in practice. It is a supremely serviceable medium of communication in the modern age. Denis Brian has rightly said, “Almost everything of moment reaches us through one man asking questions of another.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 130 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u092f\u093e \u0964 \u0905\u092c \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u092e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092f\u0939 (\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0924\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930-\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0939\u0948\u0964 Denis Brian \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f “\u0939\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 5.
Why were the journalists and the publishers puzzled at the success of Umberto’s novel
“The Name of the Rose’ ?
Umberto \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 ‘The Name of the Rose’ \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u091a\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947 ?
Answer:
During his interview, Mukund tells Umberto that “The Name of the Rose’ is a very serious novel. It is a detective yearn at one level but it also delves into metaphysics, theology, and medieval history. Yet it enjoyed a huge mass audience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Were you puzzled at all by this ?” Umberto answers,” No, journalists are puzzled and some times publishers. This is because journalists and publishers believe that people like trash and don’t like difficult reading experiences.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto tells that the publisher expected its 3000 copies for sale while more than 1 crore copies have been sold. Hence they were puzzled at the grand success of such a serious novel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928, \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 Umberto \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 “The Name of the Rose” \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0917\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u091c\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u0928\u093e-\u092c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e, \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0947 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u0928\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
‘\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0906\u092a \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0930\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u091a\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947 ?’ Umberto \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, ‘\u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902, \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u091a\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915\u0964 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0942\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092a\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f (\u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928) \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0964’ Umberto \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 3000 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 1 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0935\u0947 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0917\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0915\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Question 6.
What idea do you form of Umberto Eco’s personality after reading the interview he gave to Mukund Padmanabhan ?
Umberto Eco \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093e\u092d\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0930\u093e\u092f \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948?
Answer:
Umberto Eco is a professor at the University of Bologna in Italy. He is a prolific writer. He had earned fame as a scholar for his views on semiotics, literary interpretation and medieval aesthetics before he started writing fiction, academic texts, essays, children books and newspaper articles. Umberto makes best use of his time. Despite being a great intellectual, he is very simple and gentle. He does not feel proud of his achievements. The interview shows that he is very humble, logical and intelligent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Bologna \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938, \u092a\u093e\u0920\u094d\u092f \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915, \u0928\u093f\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927, \u092c\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0935\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0941\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u0964 Umberto \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0926\u0941\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u092d\u0940 \u0935\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u092e\u094d\u0930, \u0924\u0930\u094d\u0915\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Seen Comprehension Passages<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Read the following passages and answer the questions given below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Passage 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Since its invention a little over 130 years ago, the interview has become a common place of journalism. Today, almost everybody who is literate will have read an interview at some point in their lives, while from the other point of view, several thousand celebrities have been interviewed over the years, some of them repeatedly. So it is hardly surprising that opinions of the interview of its functions, methods and merits vary considerably.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Some might make quite extravagant claims for it as being, in its highest form, a source of truth, and, in its practice, an art. Others, usually celebrities who see themselves as its victims, might despise the interview as an unwarranted intrusion into their lives, or feel that it somehow diminishes them, just as in some primitive cultures it is believed that if one takes a photographic portrait of somebody then one is stealing that person’s soul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Passage 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V. S. Naipaul ‘feels that some people are wounded by interviews and lose a part of themselves,’ Lewis Carroll, the creator of Alice in Wonderland, was said to have had ‘a just horror of the interviewer’ and he never consented to be interviewed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
It was his horror of being lionized which made him thus repel would be acquaintances, interviewers, and the persistent petitioners for his autograph and he would afterwards relate the stories of his success in silencing all such people with much satisfaction and amusement. Rudyard Kipling expressed an even more condemnatory attitude towards the interviewer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
His wife, Caroline, writes in her diary for 14 October 1892 that their day was ‘wrecked by two reporters from Boston’. She reports her husband as saying to the reporters, \u201cWhy do I refuse to be interviewed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Because it is immoral! It is a crime, just as much of a crime as an offence against my person, as an assault, and just as much merits punishment. It is cowardly and vile. No respectable man would ask it, much less give it,” Yet Kipling had himself perpetrated such an ‘assault’ on Mark Twain only a few years before.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Passage 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H. G. Wells in an interview in 1894 referred to ‘the interviewing ordeal’, but was a fairly frequent interviewee and forty years later found himself interviewing Joseph Stalin . Saul Bellow, who has consented to be interviewed on several occasions, nevertheless once described interviews as being like thumbprints on his windpipe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yet despite the drawbacks of the interview, it is a supremely serviceable medium of communication. \u201cThese days, more than at any other time, our most vivid impressions of our contemporaries are through interviews,\u201d Denis Brian has written. \u201cAlmost everything of moment reaches us through one man asking questions of another. Because of this, the interviewer holds a position of unprecedented power and influence.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Passage 4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Muhund: The English novelist and academic David Lodge once remarked. I can\u2019t understand how one man can do all the things he [Eco] does.\u201d
Umberto Eco: Maybe I give the impression of doing many things. But in the end. I am convinced I am always doing the same thing.
Mukund: Which is?
Umberto Eco: Aah, now that is more difficult to explain. I have some philosophical interests and I pursue thorn through my academic work and my novels, Even my books for children are about, nonviolence and peace\u2026you see, the same bunch of ethical, philosophical interests. And then I have a secret. Did you know what will happen if you eliminate the empty spaces from the universo, eliminate the empty spaces in all the atoms? The universe will become o big as my fist.
Similarly, we have a lot of empty spaces in our lives. I call them interstices. Say you are coating over toniy place. You are in an elevator and while you are coming up. I am waiting for you. This Is an interstice, an empty space. I work in empty spaces. While waiting for your elevator to come up from the first to the third floor, I have already written an article! Laugh).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Passage 5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mukund: Not everyone can do that of course. Your non-fictional writing, your scholarly work a certain playful and personal quality about it. It is a marked departure from a regular academic style – which is invariably depersonalised and often dry and boring. Have you consciously adopted an informal approach or is it something that just came naturally to you,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco: When I presented my first Doctoral dissertation in Italy. one of the Professors said, \u201cScholars learn a lot of a certain subject, then they make a lot of false hypotheses, then they correct them and at the end, they put the conclusions. You, on the contrary, told the story of your research. Even including your trials and errors.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
At the same time, he recognised I was right and went on to publish my dissertation as a book, which meant he appreciated it. At that point, at the age of 22, I understood scholarly books should be written the way I had done – by telling the story of the research. This is why my \u2018essays always have a narrative aspect. And this is why probably I started writing narratives (novelal so late – at the age of 50, more or less.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Passage 6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mukund: Talking about novels, from being a famous academic you went on to becoming spectacularly famous after the publication of The Name of the Rose. You’ve written five novels against many more scholarly works of non-fiction, at least more than 20 of them\u2026
Umberto Eco: Over 40.
Mukund: Over 40! Among them a seminal piece of work on semiotics. But ask most people about Umberto Eco and they will say, \u201cOh, he’s the novelist.\u201d Does that bother you?
Umberto Eco: Yes. Because I consider myself a university professor who writes novels on Sundays. It’s not a joke. I participate in academic conferences and not meetings of Pen Clubs and writers. I identify myself with the academic community.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Passage 7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mukund: Which brings me to my next question. The Name of the Rose is a very serious novel. It’s a detective yarn at one level but it also delves into metaphysics, theology, and medieval history. Yet it enjoyed a huge mass audience. Were you puzzled at all by this?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco: No. Journalists are puzzled. And sometimes publishers. And this is because journalists and publishers believe that people like trash and don’t like difficult reading experiences. Consider there are six billion people on this planet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Name of the Rose sold between 10 and 15 million copies. So in a way I reached only a small percentage of readers. But it is exactly these kinds of readers who don’t want easy experiences. Or at least don’t always want this. I myself, at 9 pm after dinner, watch television and want to see either \u2018Miami Vice or \u2018Emergency Room’. I enjoy it and I need it. But not all day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Passage 8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mukund: Could the huge success of the novel have anything to do with the fact that it dealt with a period of medieval history that\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco: That’s possible. But let me tell you another story, because I often tell sicriss like a Chinese wise man. My American publisher said while she loved my book, she didn’t expect to sell more than 3,000 copies in a country where nobody has seen a cathedral or studies Latin. So I was given an advance for 3,000 copies, but in the end it sold two or three million in the U.S.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A lot of books have been written about the medieval past far before mine. I think the success of the book is a mystery. Nobody can predict it. I think if I had written The Name of the Rose ten years earlier or ten years later, it wouldn’t have been the same. Why it worked at that time is a mystery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Interview Summary and Translation in Hindi
\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u092f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Christopher Silvester (1959) Peterhouse, Cambridge \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940 \u0925\u0947 \u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0924\u0915 Private Eye \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 Vanity Fair \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0920 Penguin Book of Interviews, An Anthology from 1859 to the Present Day \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 | \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u092f \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0902\u0936 \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Summary Of The Lesson<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Part-I<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Interview – a commonplace of journalism : Since its invention a little over 130 years ago, the interview has become a commonplace of journalism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Different opinions about Interview : Some claim that an interview is a source of truth and in its practice, it is an art. While some others think that interview is an unwarranted intrusion into their lives and somehow it diminishes them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Part-II<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco is a professor at the university of Bologna in Italy. He has accomplished a good reputation for his ideas on semiotics (the study of signs). He has written a wide range of books. His novel “The Name of the Rose’ brought him name and fame.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mukund asks Umberto how he can do so many things in his life. Eco reveals a secret about himself. He says that we all have a lot of ’empty spaces’ in our lives. If we fill empty spaces with our work, we can achieve a lot of success in our life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092a\u093e\u0920 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0936<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092d\u093e\u0917 I<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930-\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0917 : 130 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u092c \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e (\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e) \u0906\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948, \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u092e (\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923) \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0924 : \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0913\u0930, \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0939\u0940\u0928 \u0926\u0916\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u092f\u0939 (\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930) \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092d\u093e\u0917 – II<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 Bologna University \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 semiotics (\u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928) \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 “The Name of the Rose’ \u0928\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u094b \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0926\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0908\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 Umberto \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 Eco \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0939\u092e \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0939\u092e \u0907\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u0924\u094b \u0939\u092e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Word-Meanings And Hindi Translation<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Part – I<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Since its \u2026.. and amusement. (Pages 68-69)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Word-Meanings : invention (\u0907\u0928\u0935\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0936\u0928) = creation, \u0906\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 | commonplace (\u0915\u0949\u092e\u0928\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0938) = known to all, \u0906\u092e, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0964 journalism (\u091c:\u0928\u0932\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092e) = \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0964 literate (\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0930\u091f) = educated, \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930, \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924\u0964 celebrity (\u0938\u093f\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0930\u091f\u093f) = a famous person, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0964 repeatedly (\u0930\u093f\u092a\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0921\u094d\u0932\u093f) = again and again, \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0964 opinion (\u0905\u092a\u093f\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0928) = conviction, \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0964 function (\u092b\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928) = job, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f |<\/p>\n\n\n\n
merit (\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u091f) = virtue, \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u0964 vary (\u0935\u0947\u0930\u093f) = change, \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0964 considerably (\u0915\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0930\u0947\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093f) = enough, \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0964 extravagant (\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0917\u0928\u094d\u091f) = exaggerated, \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0936\u092f\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0964 claim (\u0915\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092e) = to say firmly that something is true, \u0926\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0964 form (\u092b\u0949:\u092e) = structure, \u0930\u0942\u092a, \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0935\u091f \u0964 source (\u0938\u094b\u0938) = origin, \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0964 practice (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0938) = action, \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0964 victim (\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092e) = prey, \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
despise (\u0921\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0907\u0938) = hate, \u0918\u0943\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964 unwarranted (\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0949\u0930\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0921) = unjustified, \u0914\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0939\u0940\u0928, \u0905\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 | intrusion (\u0907\u0928\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u091c\u0928) = interference, \u0926\u0916\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0964 somehow (\u0938\u092e\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0909) = \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947-\u0924\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0964 diminish (\u0921\u093f\u092e\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0936) = decrease, \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 primitive (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e\u091f\u093f\u0935) = ancient, \u0905\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 | portrait (\u092a\u094b\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f) = drawing of a person, \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u092b\u094b\u091f\u094b \u0964 soul (\u0938\u094b\u0932) = inner being, \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
wound (\u0935\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0921) = hurt, \u091a\u094b\u091f \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0964 loose (\u0932\u0942\u091c\u093c) = \u0916\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0964 creator (\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u090f\u091f) = one who creates, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0964 horror (\u0939\u0949\u0930\u0947\u0902) = great fear, \u092d\u092f \u0964 consented (\u0915\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0921\u094d) = agreed, \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0940 \u0964 lionize (\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091c\u093c)= to treat as a famous and important person, \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e, \u092d\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0917\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 repel (\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0948\u0932) = drive away, \u092d\u0917\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e, \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 \u0939\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0964 would be (\u0935\u0941\u0921 \u092c\u0940) = to be, \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e, \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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acquaintance (\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f\u0928\u094d\u0938) = somebody known, \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093f\u0924\u0964 persistent (\u092a\u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928\u094d\u091f) = determined, \u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c, \u0905\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0964 petitioner (\u092a\u091f\u0940\u0936\u0928\u0930)= a person who makes request, \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0926\u0915, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0940, \u092e\u093e\u0901\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0964 autograph (\u0911\u091f\u0949\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u093c) = signature, \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930\u0964 afterward (\u0906\u092b\u094d\u091f:\u0935\u093e:\u0921) = later on, \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
relate (\u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947\u091f) = say, \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e, \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0964 silence (\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0932\u0928\u094d\u0938) = quietness, \u0936\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0964 satisfaction (\u0938\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928) = contentment, \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0937, \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0964 amusement (\u0905\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u093c\u092e\u0928\u094d\u091f)= entertainment, \u092e\u0928\u094b\u0930\u0902\u091c\u0928, \u0935\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0926 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926- 130 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0947 \u0925\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u092c \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e (\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e) \u0906\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948, \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u092e \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0906\u091c\u0915\u0932, \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0939\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0928 \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0938\u0947, \u092a\u093f\u091b\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u0939\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0915\u093e (\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930) \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0906\u0936\u094d\u091a\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902- \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902- \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0902 | \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0936\u092f\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0926\u093e\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u092e \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 (\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930) \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0964 (\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a\u0924\u092e \u092c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0941 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948) \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f, \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u091c\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0926\u0916\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0915\u0930 \u0918\u0943\u0923\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0910\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u092f\u0939 (\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930) \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0935\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092b\u094b\u091f\u094b \u0916\u0940\u0902\u091a \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u0938 \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0941\u0930\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V.S. Naipaul (\u0935\u0948\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927, \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924-\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 2001 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094b\u092c\u0947\u0932 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964) ‘\u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f ‘\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u093e\u092f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0916\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964’<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Alice in Wonderland \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u091a\u092f\u093f\u0924\u093e Lewis Carroll \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0947 ‘\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0938\u0902\u0917\u0924 \u092d\u092f’ \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0940-\u0909\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u092f \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0925\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0911\u091f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0901\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e (\u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0939 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0937 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0926 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0941\u092a \u0930\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rudyard Kipling\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..and influence”. (Pages 69-70)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Word-Meanings : express (\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947 \u0938) = to make known, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 condemnatory (\u0915\u0928\u094d\u0921\u0947\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0947\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f) = showing strong disapproval, \u0918\u0943\u0923\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0926 | attitude (\u090f\u091f\u093f\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921)= viewpoint, \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0964 wreck (\u0930\u0948\u0915) = to ruin, \u0928\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 reporter (\u0930\u093f\u092a\u094b\u091f\u0945) = one who collects news for newspapers etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0938\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0926\u093e\u0924\u093e | refuse (\u0930\u093f\u092b\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c\u093c) = say no, \u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e, \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964 immoral (\u0907\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0932) = against morality, \u0905\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0964 offence (\u0911\u092b\u093c\u0928\u094d\u0938) = an act of upsetting or insulting somebody, \u0905\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0964 my person (\u092e\u093e\u0907 \u092a:\u0938\u0928) = (here) of myself, \u092e\u0947\u0930\u093e | assault (\u0905\u0938\u0949\u0932\u094d\u091f) = attack, \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 | merit (\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u091f) = deserve, \u0915\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e, \u0932\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0964 cowardly (\u0915\u093e\u0909\u0905\u0921\u094d\u0932\u093f) = lacking courage, \u0915\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 | vile (\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0932)= \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
respectable (\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u092c\u094d\u0932) = honourable, \u0906\u0926\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u0964 perpetrated (\u092a:\u092a\u093f\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0921) = did, \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e | refer to (\u0930\u0947\u092b\u0945\u0930 \u091f\u0941) = \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964 ordeal (\u0911\u0921\u094d\u0905\u093f\u0932) = difficult test, \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0964 frequent (\u092b\u093c\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0935\u0928\u094d\u091f) = often, \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0903\u0964 interviewee (\u0907\u0928\u094d\u091f\u0945\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0908)= one who gives interview, \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0964 consent (\u0915\u0928\u094d\u0938\u0928\u094d\u091f) = agree, \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0964 thumbprints (\u0925\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0928\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0938) = prints made by thumb, \u0905\u0901\u0917\u0942\u0920\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0964windpipe (\u0935\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0921\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0907\u092a) = trachea, \u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0901\u0938 \u0928\u0932\u0940 I despite (\u0921\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0907\u091f) = in spite of, \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 |<\/p>\n\n\n\n
drawback (\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092c\u0948\u0915) = demerit, \u0926\u094b\u0937, \u0905\u0935\u0917\u0941\u0923 \u0964 supremely (\u0938\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e\u094d\u0932\u093f) = in the highest way, \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0964 serviceable (\u0938\u0935\u093f\u0938\u092c\u094d\u0932) = suitable to be used, \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 | medium (\u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094d) = a way, \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e, \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0964 communication (\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0936\u0928\u094d) = methods of sending information, \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0964 vivid (\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0921) = clear, \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0964 impression (\u0907\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928) = idea, \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 | contemporary (\u0915\u0928\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0930\u0947\u0930\u093f) = belonging to the same age, \u0938\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
of moment (\u0911\u0935 \u092e\u094b\u092e\u0928\u094d\u091f) = very important, \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0964 interviewer (\u0907\u0928\u094d\u091f\u0945\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0905\u0930)= one who takes an interview, \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0964 hold (\u0939\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0921) = keep, \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 unprecedented (\u0905\u0928\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0921)= that which never happened before, \u0905\u092d\u0942\u0924\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 | influence (\u0907\u0928\u092b\u094d\u0932\u0942\u0905\u0928\u094d\u0938) = effect, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0926- \u0930\u0941\u0921\u092f\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093f\u092a\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0918\u0943\u0923\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0923 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 14 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 1892 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0928\u0940 Caroline \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0921\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f ‘\u092c\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0926\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0916\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0964’ \u0935\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0926\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 ? \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 ! \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927 \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093e\u0927 \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u0926\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093e\u092f\u0930\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0935 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0947\u0917\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0924\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e (\u091a\u093e\u0939\u0947\u0917\u093e) \u0964” \u0924\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 Kipling \u0928\u0947 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 Mark Twain \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0964 \u0938\u0928\u094d 1894 \u092e\u0947\u0902 H.G. Wells \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 (\u0935\u0947) \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u093e\u0926 (\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947) \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u094b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Joseph Stalin \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0964 Saul Bellow \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u092d\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0901\u0938 \u0928\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u0942\u0920\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e (\u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0917\u0932\u093e \u0926\u092c\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u093e) \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940, \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0935\u091c\u0942\u0926 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0907\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964” Denis Brian \u0928\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948, “\u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0939\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u092e \u0924\u0915 \u090f\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u091c\u0939 \u0938\u0947, \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0905\u092d\u0942\u0924\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0939\u0940 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u094d \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Part – II<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“I am a \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.. 10 million copies. (Page 70)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Word-Meanings : extract (\u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u091f) = part, \u0905\u0902\u0936 | aquire (\u0905\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0930) = to get, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 formidable (\u092b\u093c\u0949\u092e\u093f\u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932) = hard to win, \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0947\u092f, \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928 | reputation (\u0930\u0947\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0941\u091f\u0947\u0907\u0936\u0928) = prestige, \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093e | scholar (\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0949\u0932) = a wise person, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 | semiotics (\u0938\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0911\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938) = the study of signs and symbols, \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 |<\/p>\n\n\n\n
interpretation (\u0907\u0928\u094d\u091f:\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928) = explanation, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e | medieval (\u092e\u0947\u0921\u093f\u0908\u0935\u0932) = connected with Middle Ages, \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0941\u0917\u0940\u0928 | aesthetics (\u0907\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938) = a subject which studies the principles of beauty, \u0938\u094c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0964 turn to (\u091f:\u0928 \u091f\u0941) = switch over to, \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0964 fiction (\u092b\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928) = novel, \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0964 academic (\u090f\u0915\u0947\u0921\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915) = connected with school or university education, \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u093f\u0915 I text (\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f) = written material, \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 | article (\u0906:\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0932) = a piece of writing, \u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
output (\u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f) = production, \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 | staggeringly (\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0917\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093f) = in a greatly surprising way, \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u0936\u094d\u091a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0964 wide-ranging (\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u0930\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917) = covering a big area, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0964 equivalent (\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0935\u0932\u0928\u094d\u091f)= equal, \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0964 intellectual (\u0907\u0928\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0941\u0905\u0932) = wise, \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0940\u0964 superstardom (\u0938\u0941\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0921\u092e) = state of being a celebrity, \u0928\u093e\u092f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0964 one million (\u092e\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928) = \u0926\u0938 \u0932\u093e\u0916\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926- “\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u091c\u094b \u0930\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948” – Umberto Eco. \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0935\u0924\u0930\u0923 Umberto Eco \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0936 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 The Hindu \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u092e\u0928\u093e\u092d\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 Bologna \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 U. Eco \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0941\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094c\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0920\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938, \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928, \u0928\u093f\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927, \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930-\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0947\u0916- \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0906\u0936\u094d\u091a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0938\u0928\u094d 1980 \u092e\u0947\u0902 The Name of the Rose \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u0940\u0902, \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u092a\u0930\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 |<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mukund : The English \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. an article ! (Laughs). (Pages 70-71)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Word-Meanings : remark (\u0930\u093f\u092e\u093e:\u0915) = to say, \u0915\u0939\u0928\u093e | convinced (\u0915\u0928\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0902\u0938\u094d\u091f) = sure, \u0906\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0964 philosophical (\u092b\u093c\u093f\u0932\u0949\u0938\u0945\u092b\u093c\u093f\u0915\u0932) = related to philosophy, \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 | pursue (\u092a\u0945\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0941) = try to gain, \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 non-violence (\u0928\u0949\u0928 \u0935\u093e\u0907\u0932\u0928\u094d\u0938) = the policy of using peaceful methods, \u0905\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0964 peace (\u092a\u0940\u0938) = state of quiet, \u0936\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0964 bunch (\u092c\u0928\u094d\u091a) = a group, \u0917\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e, \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939\u0964 ethical (\u090f\u0925\u093f\u0915\u0932) = related to justice, \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0940 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
eliminate (\u090f\u0932\u093f\u092e\u093f\u0928\u0947\u091f) = destroy, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964 universe (\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0940\u0935:\u0938) = the group of all heavenly bodies, \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u0964 atom (\u090f\u091f\u092e) = a very tiny particle, \u0905\u0923\u0941, \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941\u0964 fist (\u092b\u093c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f) = a hand with the fingers closed together tightly, \u092e\u0941\u091f\u094d\u0920\u0940 | interstices (\u0907\u0928\u094d\u091f:\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0938\u093f\u091c\u093c) — a narrow space between adjoining parts or things, \u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928, \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930 | elevator (\u090f\u0932\u093f\u0935\u0947\u091f\u0930) = a movable platform for carrying passengers up or down, lift, \u0932\u093f\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926- \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 : \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 David Lodge \u0928\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e, “\u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u0939 (Eco) \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948” \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco : \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0939\u0938\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0964 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0924\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0935\u0939\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0964
\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 : \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u094c\u0928-\u0938\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0939\u0948 ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco : \u0906\u0939, \u0905\u092c \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0936\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u0964 \u0906\u092a \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947, \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u091a\u094d\u091a\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0939\u093f\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0935\u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0941\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e (\u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939) \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947, \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u092e\u093e\u0923\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947 \u0924\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u093e? \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0939\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923\u094d\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u091f\u094d\u0920\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0939\u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 interstices (\u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939) \u0915\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u094b \u0906\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0918\u0930 \u0906 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u0964 \u0906\u092a lift \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u0906\u092a \u090a\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0906 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u094b, \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 interstice \u0939\u0948, \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939 (\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0915\u093e\u0936) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u0964 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0924\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0924\u0932 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f, \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u0916 \u091a\u0941\u0915\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 ! (\u0939\u0901\u0938\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948) |<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mukund : Not everyone \u2026\u2026\u2026.. for narration. (Pages 71-72)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Word-Meanings : non-fictional (\u0928\u0949\u0928-\u092b\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928\u0932) = other than novels, \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0947\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0964 playful (\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u092b\u0932) = frolicsome, \u0935\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0926\u0936\u0940\u0932 | quality (\u0915\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093f\u091f\u0940) = trait, \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u0964 marked (\u092e\u093e\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d) = significant, clear, \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f | depart : \u2026\u2026\u2026.. (\u0921\u093f\u092a\u093e\u091a\u0947\u0902) = deviation, \u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924\u093e, \u0939\u091f\u0915\u0930 |<\/p>\n\n\n\n
invariabis. (\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0905\u092c\u094d\u0932\u093f\u0940 ) = almost always, \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0964 dre :- walised (\u0921\u093f\u092a:\u0938\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091c\u094d\u0921) = something made less personal, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0932\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0964 nsciously (\u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0936\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093f )= deliberately, \u091c\u093e\u0928\u092c\u0942\u091d\u0915\u0930 \u0964\u0964 .. (\u0905\u0921\u0949\u092a\u094d\u091f) = accept, \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u2026\u2026.. ! (\u0907\u0928\u094d\u092b\u0949\u092e\u0932) = not formal, \u0905\u0928\u094c\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 = dealing in a particular way, \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0964 dissertation (\u0921\u093f\u0938:\u091f\u0947\u0936\u0928) = research paper, \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
hypotheses (\u0939\u093e\u0907\u092a\u0945\u0925\u093f\u0938\u093f\u091c\u093c) = expected solutions to a problem, \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0964 correct (\u0915\u0930\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f) = make amendment, \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 conclusion (\u0915\u0928\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0932\u0942 \u0936\u094d\u091c\u0928) = result, \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0964 on the contrary (\u0911\u0928 \u0926 \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0930\u093f) = opposite to that, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924 \u0964 include (\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0932\u0942 \u0921) = take into account, \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 trials and errors (\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0932\u094d\u091c\u093c \u090f\u0928\u094d \u090f\u0930\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093c) = attempts and mistakes, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0942\u0932\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0925\u0935\u093e \u0905\u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
recognise (\u0930\u0947\u0915\u0917\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0907\u091c\u093c) = to recollect in mind, \u092a\u0939\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0928\u093e\u0964 appreciate (\u090f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0936\u093f\u090f\u091f) = to recognise the good qualities, \u092a\u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e, \u0915\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 scholarly (\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0949\u0932:\u0932\u093f) = \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 | narrative (\u0928\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0935) = of story, \u0915\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0930\u0915\u0964 aspect (\u090f\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f) = side, \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937, \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0942 \u0964 was frustrated (\u0935\u0949\u091c\u093c \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0921) = \u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
creative (\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u090f\u091f\u093f\u0935) = \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0964 frustration (\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928) = disappointment, \u0928\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0936\u093e, \u0915\u0941\u0923\u094d\u0920\u093e \u0964 by accident (\u092c\u093e\u0907 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0921\u0928\u094d\u091f) = by chance, \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0935\u0936 \u0964 taste (\u091f\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f)= interest, \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f \u0964 probably (\u092a\u0945\u092c\u0945\u0932\u093f) = perhaps, \u0936\u093e\u092f\u0926\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926- \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 : \u0939\u0930 \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u091a\u092e\u0941\u091a \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0964 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0947\u0924\u0930 (\u0905\u0915\u093e\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0915) \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0916\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0928\u094b\u0926\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0941\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u092a\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0924\u0903 \u0939\u091f\u0915\u0930 \u0939\u0948 – \u091c\u094b \u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u092f \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0948\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0937\u094d\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092c\u093e\u090a \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928-\u092c\u0942\u091d\u0915\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094c\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u091a\u0941\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u092f\u0939 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Umberto Eco – \u091c\u092c \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u091f\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0921\u0949\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930\u0947\u091f \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0924\u092c \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e, “\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091d\u0942\u0920\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924, \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964” \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f, \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0935\u093e\u092f\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0925\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 (\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u094b) \u0938\u0930\u093e\u0939\u093e \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f 22 \u0938\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u091d \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f \u0964 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u0940\u0902 \u2013 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u0915\u0930 \u0964 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0942 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u092f\u0926 \u092f\u0939\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0925\u093e-\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f (\u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938) \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u092e\u094d\u092d \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e- \u092a\u091a\u093e\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938-\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u0948 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 Roland Barthes \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948, \u090f\u0915 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0923\u094d\u0920\u093e \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0938\u0942\u0938 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0935\u0936 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0928\u093e) \u0964 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0935\u0924\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0925\u093e \u0915\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0941\u091a\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mukund : Talking \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. by this? (Page 72)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Word-Meanings : academic (\u090f\u0915\u0947\u0921\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0915) = \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927\u093f\u0924-\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947, \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940, \u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 I spectacularly (\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0932:\u0932\u093f) = splendidly, \u0936\u093e\u0928\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0964 seminal (\u0938\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0932) = very impressive, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940, \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0964 semiotics (\u0938\u0947\u092e\u093f\u0911\u091f\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938) = study of signs and symbols, \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 | bother (\u092c\u0949) = trouble, \u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 participate (\u092a\u093e\u091f\u093f\u0938\u093f\u092a\u0947\u091f) = to take part, \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0964 conference (\u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u092b\u0930\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0938) = meeting, \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 | identify (\u0906\u0907\u0921\u0947\u0928\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092b\u093c\u093e\u0908) = to be one with, \u0924\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u094d\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0964 shrug (\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0917) = to raise your shoulders and drop them, \u0915\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0928\u093e |<\/p>\n\n\n\n
stuff (\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092b) = material, \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928, (\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901) \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f | serious (\u0938\u0947\u0905\u0930\u093f\u0905\u0938) = grave, \u0917\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0940\u0930 | detective (\u0921\u093f\u091f\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935) = connected with detecting crimes, \u091c\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0938\u0940 \u0964 yarn (\u092f\u093e:\u0928) = a long story, \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0964 delve (\u0921\u0947\u0932\u094d\u0935) = to go deeper to know something, \u0915\u0941\u091b \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
metaphysics (\u092e\u0947\u091f\u093e\u092b\u093c\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938)= subject which deals with the nature of existence, truth and knowledge, dra 1941 theology (\u0925\u093f\u0913\u0932\u091c\u093f) = the study of religion and beliefs, \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928, \u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u092e\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0964 huge (\u0939\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091c) = big, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0964 puzzled (\u092a\u091c\u093c\u0932\u094d\u0921) = confused, \u091a\u0915\u0930\u093e\u090f \u0964\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926- \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 : \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902, \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0906\u092a The Name of the Rose \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0936\u093e\u0928\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u0947 \u0964 \u0906\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e 20 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0947\u0924\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco – 40 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0964 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 : 40 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e ! \u0909\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 Umberto Eco \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u091b\u093f\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947, “\u0905\u0930\u0947, \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964” \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092a \u092a\u0930\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 ? Umberto Eco – \u0939\u093e\u0901, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092b\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u091c\u094b \u0930\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092e\u091c\u093e\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u093f\u0915 (\u0936\u0948\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0915) \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901, Pen Clubs \u092f\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092d\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0964 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u093e \u0924\u093e\u0926\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u093f\u0915 (\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928) \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 (\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0924\u094d \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f (\u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924) \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941, \u0920\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0909\u0928 (\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0936) \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 (\u0939\u0901\u0938\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u0928\u094d\u0927\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u0915\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948) \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0915\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0920\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0936\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0947 \u0926\u0938 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u0964”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 : \u092f\u0939 (\u092c\u093e\u0924) \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u0924\u0915 \u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 “The Name of the Rose’ \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u0917\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e, \u0908\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u092e\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0941\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0924\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0964 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0906\u092a \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u091a\u0915\u0930\u093e\u090f ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco : No. \u2026\u2026\u2026 is a mystery. (Pages 72-73)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Word-Meanings : trash (\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0936) = rubbish, \u0915\u0942\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0964 billion (\u092c\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u0928) = \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u0964 deal with (\u0921\u0940\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0925) = to be related to, \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0928\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0964 expect (\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u091f) = hope, \u0906\u0936\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0964 cathedral (\u0915\u0948\u0925\u0921\u094d\u0930\u0932) = church, \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0940\u0920 \u0964 predict (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0921\u093f\u0915\u094d\u091f) = to say or guess beforehand, forecast, \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e\u0964 mystery (\u092e\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f)= secret, \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0939\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0926- Umberto Eco – \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0964 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u091a\u0915\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092d\u0940-\u0915\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0942\u0921\u093c\u093e (\u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u092f) \u092a\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 (\u0935\u0947) \u0915\u0920\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b (\u092a\u0922\u093c\u0928\u093e) \u092a\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u0938\u094b\u091a\u094b \u0907\u0938 \u0927\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0930 6 \u0905\u0930\u092c \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Name of the Rose \u0915\u0940 1 \u0938\u0947 1.5 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u0940\u0902 \u0964 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0936\u0924 \u0924\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092f\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0920\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0930\u0932 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092d\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u092e\u0947\u0936\u093e \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u0921\u093f\u0928\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0928\u094c \u092c\u091c\u0947, \u091f\u0947\u0932\u0940\u0935\u093f\u091c\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u0924\u094b ‘Miami Vice’ \u092f\u093e ‘Emergency Room’ \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0906\u0928\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0928\u092d\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0964 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0926 : \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0907\u0938 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0938 \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0941\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u093f\u2026\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Umberto Eco – \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0906\u092a\u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901, \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u091a\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901\u0964 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0938\u0928\u094d\u0926 \u0925\u0940 \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 3000 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u092c\u093f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0926 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0932\u0948\u091f\u093f\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0905\u0924\u0903 \u092e\u0941\u091d\u0947 3000 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0917\u0940 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u092a\u0930\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0941 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 20 \u0938\u0947 30 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u093f\u0915\u0940\u0902 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u092e\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0941\u0917\u0940\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0942\u0901 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0926\u093f \u092e\u0948\u0902\u0928\u0947 The Name of the Rose \u0926\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092f\u093e \u0926\u0938 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0924\u094b (\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e) \u0935\u0939\u0940 \u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0964 \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0939\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n